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Environment

Oil firms' plans for net-zero oil extraction labelled as 'PR spiel'

A comprehensive analysis pours cold water on claims that using carbon dioxide captured from the atmosphere to drive oil extraction can result in carbon-neutral fossil fuel

By Madeleine Cuff

13 February 2025

An oil drilling rig in California’s Central Valley

Ashley Cooper / Alamy

Fossil fuel companies are experimenting with using carbon dioxide captured from the air in oil extraction to usher in a new era of planet-friendly “net-zero oil” – but the idea is an illusion, according to researchers.

In enhanced oil recovery (EOR), crude oil is extracted by injecting CO2 underground to squeeze out any remaining oil from a depleting reservoir. Combining EOR with CO2 sucked out of the air by direct air capture (DAC) plants will result in net-zero oil, some oil firms claim, a process they hope can…

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