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Imagine feeding a mouse and then watching where its cells use the nutrients, or seeing how parts of a kidney cell respond to stress.

Such detailed images are now possible using a technology called multiple isotope imaging mass spectroscopy, says Claude Lechene at Harvard University. An ion beam is fired at a biological sample, ripping a few atoms off its surface and ionising some of them in the process. These ions are then identified by a mass spectrometer, a device that sorts atoms by their weight and charge.

This builds a very finely detailed picture of the contents of a…

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