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AIDS is caused by HIV; it’s a fact established beyond any reasonable doubt. Yet many beg to differ, blaming it instead on social causes, from poverty to promiscuity. South African president Thabo Mbeki is perhaps the most famous HIV denialist, with tragic consequences for his country’s fight against AIDS. HIV denial is also flourishing worldwide on the internet and it is costing lives.

According to a new analysis, HIV denial is remarkably similar to other anti-scientific ideologies such as creationism, anti-vaccine movements and even Holocaust denial (PLoS Medicine, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.0040256).

For example, HIV denialists claim that the idea that…

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